The peripheral shapes of the electrode wheels concentrate the current and the heat generation. 4 tacks – for 3″ to 12″ dia. Allow very little movement when transporting. It’s not uncommon for pipeline and rig arc welders to work 10- to 12-hour days. Production, refining, and distribution of petroleum products require many different types and sizes of storage tanks. They install steel fittings dry, or with red Loctite. electrode coating, and 6.) Which lubricant(s) should be used when connecting the parts of an oxy fuel gas welder? The preparation for gluing each type of pipe is slightly different. installed so that oil or vapor will not be discharged into a building. Welding is a primary piping fabrication activity. Drowning can happen to anybody due to any reason. The tool used for cutting pipe threads is called a: A. pipe cutter B. pipe stock and die C. pipe threader D. pipe ratcher cutter Answer: B The tool used when working with larger sizes of pipe is called a: A. chain pipe wrench B. chain tongs C. chain holder D. A or B. Maintenance welding is a standard rig activity and is quite varied. detector is used and maintained correctly (see Section 3 below). Operators may use plasma or oxy-fuel cutting to prepare material for welding. Welders should not touch the metal parts of the electrode holder with skin or wet clothing. welding tip. Advertisement. A refinery is a complex array of pressure vessels, piping, structural carbon steel, and other components that depends on welding for its structural integrity. 3. Open Regulator Oxygen and Acetylene, set until the pressure matching with what do you want or for acetylene 5 to 7 psi and Oxygen 7 to 10 psi. Pacific Oil Cooler Service notes their number-one issue with installations is thread-galling aluminum AN fittings (left). Pipe welding is a method for joining two pipes together. Mobile: +919167989294. 1) Fittings and flexible cords used in Class I, Div. Get a bit of oil on a harbor freight air hose and you have a swollen mess within one year. Capable of higher welding speeds (gun travel). from £63.00 ex VAT. mixer chamber. Hoses. Welding of Pipes and Fittings. flame tube. Identifying problems before welding can save a lot of time and money, do not limit your inspection until after welding. Carefully review material safety data sheets. Do not expose bare skin to flux fumes. Furthermore, the test pressure must never exceed a pressure that would cause yielding, or the maximum allowable test pressure of some component exposed to the test. At the low end of the median pay scale, the average salary is USD 53,000, and at the top, it is USD 89,000 annually. The basic oxyacetylene torch comprises: torch body (or handle) two separate gas tubes (through the handle connected to the hoses) separate control valves. •5.4 Essential Variables • Welding Procedure must be re-established as a new procedure specification & must be completely re-qualified when any of the essential variables are changed. other protective equipment when welding and cutting. 3 tacks – for 2 1/2″ and smaller dia. Even a small amount of oil or grease may ignite violently, with explosive force, in the presence of oxygen. Introduction to Flanges. Inspect hoses for leaks and worn places. Always insulate yourself from the work and ground. 7.6 (a). General Gas Welding Safety Tips. Do not expose hoses to heat, traffic, slag, sparks, oil, grease, or sharp edges of metal. The best time to do this was considered to be when they stood around the toolbox in the morning before starting work, so the term Toolbox Talks was born. Email: [email protected] Visit Our Warehouse in Kalamboli. • Use a bubble solution (never a flame!) I do not leave a thick coating on the table, but a light spray followed by a good wipe-down with a clean rag seems to leave the surface in good condition for mig or tig welding. The welder was in the process of welding transfer piping onto the tanker when residual hydrocarbon vapor from the 2,500-gallon rear compartment ignited, causing a powerful explosion. Keep Flammable Materials Far from Welding Areas. I have a drawing that shows a fitting make-up dimension based on adding up the two standard dimensions for the components used (4" tee to a 4"-150#RF flange). Replace bad hoses. McMaster has them under push-on hose and fittings, it's $1.50 a foot for the hose and $8 for 5 fittings with pipe thread on them. a. any reducing regulator b. an approved gas specific pressure reducing regulator c. a ¼ inch copper coil d. a manifold unit 4. pipes. Do not expose a hose to oil or grease; these rot the rubber and cause a hazard. 6. What is the probable cause if a connection is operating hot when welding? a. A poor electrical connection b. The cables are not grounded Welding, cutting, and allied processes produce molten metal, sparks, slag, and hot work surfaces can cause fire or explosion if precautionary measures are not followed. (106 ft./sec.) Examples of these Standards are: BS 6990. • Inspect hoses for defects/deterioration before use. from £164.00 ex VAT. Nothing must be placed on top of a manifold when in use which will damage the manifold or interfere with the quick closing of the valves. Small bolted or welded tanks might be ideal for production fields while larger, welded storage tanks are used in distribution terminals and refineries throughout the world. prior to use. Therefore, welding temperatures start at the melting point of the base metals. Avoid direct contact with the live parts of welding equipment and the workpiece. More aggressive … Such explosions have killed people. Orbital welding is extremely versatile and has the ability to fuse together plumbing components in a wide variety of sizes and materials with a consistency that is difficult to match using manual welding techniques. Construction. Sometimes tig welding is not the answer. The different part of low press-welding torch is shown in Fig. 1 (there’s an exception for concrete-encased PVC), but you can use any gasketed enclosed busways or wireways for Div. API (American Petroleum Institue) 653 is the standard used to govern repairs and alterations of petroleum tanks of all varietes. Welding, a process that dates back to the Iron and Bronze ages, has evolved into a highly specialized procedure that provides innumerable benefits across a range of industries and applications. Never attempt to weld on unstable surfaces, as this places you at risk for injury. Hydrostatic testing of pressure piping is a mandatory activity before finalization of any new or modified piping system. It allows for real good control of the flame and is soft enough to prevent blow through on aluminum. It is mainly used in ductwork and piping applications and is also known as thread seal tape and plumber's tape. Never use copper couplings with acetylene. Fittings: Fittings allow for quick and simple repairs to be carried out to the structure. Hoses . I guess I'm a welder too. Wearing appropriate PPE like welding helmet and goggles to protect workers’ eyes and head from hot slag, sparks, intense light, and chemical burns. They shall have a minimum bursting pressure of 1,000 psig (6.8 MPa) and shall be protected by a safety relief device which will relieve at a maximum pressure of 500 psig (3.4 MPa). ... Oil and grease must not be applied to regulator fittings because: pipes. Making a welded connection to a 'live' pipeline, or vessel, is commonly known as ' hot tapping ' or in-service welding and there are National (and proprietary) Standards that provide details of the controls that are necessary. 5. DO NOT Install a low pressure gauge into the high-pressure port on a regulator. Following are the main areas where we mostly find the difference: 1.) Specification for Welding Earth Moving and Construction Equipment. The WD-40 will also help remove some of the soot and residue from mig welding. Pipes and piping components are normally manufactured to meet the requirements of national standards such as ASME B31 Code for Pressure Piping or BS 1560 Circular Flanges for Pipes, Valves and Fittings. Use a flint lighter to ignite the flame. Wear proper protective equipment, such as rubber boots and rubber pads, if performing arc welding in wet or high humidity conditions. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications, including water heating, central heating, boiler … Assess weld joints to ensure there are no excessive gaps, as poor part fit-up can lead to issues like burn-through or distortion. Clamp or fixture the part in the correct position. A pH range of 8 to 10.5 is commonly used for pipe systems that include steel. •Process, Pipe & Fitting Mat, Dia. Phone: +912266581538. An underground storage tank (UST) system is a tank (or a combination of tanks) and connected underground piping having at least 10 percent of their combined volume underground. With the coupling you would have adjustment with the leg then. It is the final check of mechanical integrity of the whole system and should be followed religiously as after this activity the piping system has to be commissioned. 1 or No. Close the valve, and keep the protective device in place. Replace bad hoses. However, ALL must be cleaned to remove any dirt, grease, oil, wax, or any other foreign substance, and ALL must be dry‐fitted. 01-04-2014 #23. In the case of ASME B31, section 137.1.4, and the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes, the maximum test pressure must not exceed 90 percent of yield for any component exposed to the test. in any part of the flushing loop. Welding environments, and their surrounding areas, must be kept clean and free of flammable material before and during welding. These rings are machined pieces of metal that conform to the dimensions of the joint design used. Do not use the valve cover to lift cylinders; they could be damaged and become unattached. The ASME valve standard B16.34 is a globally accepted standard to design, manufacture and test valves used in the oil and gas industry. Do not braze metals that have paint, galvanized coating, cadmium coatings, organic or inorganic coat-ings without removing those coatings first. The joint should be prepared in such a way to allow the welder to maintain the proper wire extension and still access the bottom of the weld joint. Protect hoses and cylinders from sparks, flames and hot metal. Flux cleans the metal and acts like a glue to hold the pieces together for soldering. I have been told this is wrong because there need to be a 1/8" weld gap added between the fittings. I have a question as to when to use weld gaps between fitting and when not too. In certain pipelines where maintenance is a regular feature, breakout flanges are provided at definite intervals. Allowed under the F Gas Regulations – the leak detector must have a sensitivity of 5 g/year and should be checked annually. The process is being used to join or create small and large components, and its success has largely been attributed to vacuum solutions. The fluid does not necessarily boil. Adapters must not be used to permit the interchange of hoses. Protect hoses and cylinders from sparks, flames and hot metal. Do not handle flux or flux-coated rods with bare hands; wear gloves or protective cream. Weld Cracks are the most serious type of welding defects. Ground the work or metal to be welded to a good electrical ground. If the wall thickness in the weld area is too thin, the operator must extend the sleeve area on the pipe. You can't expect to safely weld an object unless it's on a flat, even and secure surface. When using anti-spatter spray, take care not to use too much, as it can enter the weld joint and cause problems with weld penetration or even more spatter. Just weld up the center oil drain hole at top and weld the outside edge of the oval holes on either side as they get too close to the gasket edge, cut off and weld up the water pump bypass elbow on the front and weld a 1"x1"x5.5" block of aluminum on the rear … The fluid velocity (V) should not be less than 2 to 3 m/sec. Start studying Oxyacetylene Welding and Brazing Final. This means their PPE must not only be extremely safe, but also be very comfortable and flexible for long periods of work. OSHA Fact Sheet (Publication 3647), (2013). Underwater welders are specially trained, and they must be a good swimmer in order to prevent this to happen. Properly tack parts to avoid extra spatter, poor weld aesthetics and less-than-adequate weld penetration. 2. Awareness of the most common welding hazards and knowing how to avoid them ensures a safe, productive work environment for all. codes and standards, 5.) Avoid standing in water, on wet surfaces, or working with wet hands or wearing sweaty garments. Do not dip energized (hot) electrode holders in water. Avoid direct contact with the live parts of welding equipment and the workpiece. 2. •Acetylene welding was first used around 1911 to join pipe segments together (girth welding) and just prior to 1920, arc welding was introduced. From being able to give out superior … Read and understand manufacturer instructions for equipment. The high pressure will cause the oil to detonate,similar to a diesel ignition! 2 fuel oil shall be provided with a device to indicate at the fill point, either visually or audibly, when the oil in the tank has reached a … Follow the company’s internal safety practices. Only properly trained personal should handle compressed gas cylinders. ASME B16.34 is also mentioned in the more general ASME spec ASME B31.1, “Power Piping Design”.. Back in 1988, the scope of this standard was modified to include threaded-end and weld-end valves in addition to flanged-end … Oxy-fuel equipment is versatile, lending itself to welding, brazing, braze-welding, silver soldering, metal heating (for bending and forming) and oxy-fuel cutting. (£99.60 inc VAT) Hytek Battery Tank Alarm - ATEX Certified. The materials they weld vary, too, and may include aluminum, stainless steel and carbon steel. A maintenance welder may work on heavy equipment, large vessels designed to hold liquids and gases, valves, and high-pressure pipes. Flanges are used when the piping joint needs dismantling. This fitting then becomes part of a system for transporting fluids (oil, gas, steam, chemicals, …) in a safe and efficient manner, over short or long distances. Example: a hydraulic system has a flow rate and tube diameter to achieve Re=3,400 in normal service. The ability to safely weld the pipe also depends on the pressure the line is running; pressure is often lowered for repair work. Fluorescent additive (injected into the system with oil and detected using Controlling Hazardous Fume and Gases during Welding. a. Depending on the tanks size, Inerting may not be an option. Place the pieces together and heat with the torch. Forgetting to grind the joint during weld prep. use of clamps, 3.) Using the paintbrush, spread the flux over the cleaned areas you will be soldering. If the cylinder is dropped on a hard surface it can cause an explosion. Threaded joints in the fill piping shall be made fuel oil-tight using joint compound conforming to CAN/ULC-S642-M, Compounds and Tapes for Threaded Pipe Joints, or … In this article we are going to discuss one by one how and why the two welding methods differ from each other. The third open valve in the torch, first acetylene after that you can open oxygen valve. Even a small amount of oil or grease may ignite violently, with explosive force, in the presence of oxygen. 2. Inspect equipment for leaks at all connections using approved leak-test solution. As well as flammable liquids such as petrol, diesel and fuel oil, substances such as paints, glue, anti-freeze and cleaning agents may also release flammable vapours. Do not drop cylinders or strike them against each other or against other surfaces violently. Keep oxygen cylinders and fittings away from oil and grease. 3) More cable types are allowed for Div. 2. In the United States, oxygen hoses are colored green. (From: CSA W117.2-19 "Safety in welding, cutting and allied processes". This is one of OSHA's Strategic Management Plan Focus Areas. and larger sizes refer to the outside diameter. Make sure your detector is sensitive to the refrigerant type you are testing. 2. Sparks can travel up to … Allow very little movement when transporting. The “nominal” commercial pipe sizes from 1/8 through 12 in. Keep in mind that the cleaner is not a substitute for the primer. ... Welding speed must also be considered when looking at the welding of the root pass. This prevents settling of particles inside tubes and hoses. The low-pressure blow pipe or welding torch is used to carry the acetylene at low pressure (0.02 bars) from acetylene generator. The purpose of a lube oil system is to continuously provide cool, clean oil to the bearings and gear (if applicable) at the proper pressure, temperature, and flow rate. Last edited by 76GMC1500; 01-04-2014 at 01:58 PM . Both of these processes add a layer of oxide to the cut edge that must be removed before welding. General Gas Welding Safety Tips. It is used in low pressure oxy-acetylene welding. 1910.253 (c) (3) (i) Manifolds shall be of substantial construction suitable for use with oxygen at a pressure of 250 psig (1.7 MPa). DO NOT Touch Oxygen regulators or cylinder heads with hands or gloves that are contaminated with oil grease, grime or any organic material. Cracks. Flying sparks are the main cause of fires and explosions in welding and cutting. Orbital welding provides a safe, reliable, clean method of fabricating fluid systems for a wide variety of industrial applications. Inspect equipment for leaks at all connections using approved leak-test solution. Electric shock. 3. ... 4, BIT Chawl, Sandhurst Road Station Mumbai : 400 009. Oil storage. Defective tack welds must be removed prior to the actual welding of the joints. The oxides can also remain in the weld and cause porosity, inclusions, lack of fusion and other weld defects. 2. If you are working with AN fittings. A pH of 7 indicates neutrality. Therefore, the major components of any lube oil system are as follows: The ultrasound testing (UT) of a pipe’s wall thickness is critical for in-service repairs. The problem is that during normal use, drill pipe acquires the properties of a permanent magnet. Design - Implementation of Pipework standards. Make sure you vent it after you finished welding and not before, or else you will just put the oxygen back into it. Test for leakage at working pressure by immersing in water; leaks may be repaired by cutting out a faulty section of hose and inserting an approved coupling. I regularly spray and wipe down my welding table top with WD 40. Seam welding is a resistance welding process for joining metal sheets in continuous, often leak tight, seam joints by directly applying opposing forces with electrodes consisting of rotary wheels. The DOHC 16V Volvo B234 was in '89-'90 740 in US and '91 940 in Canada. Aluminum wrenches are used to separate the fitting as it is two pieces. Applies to all structural welds used in the manufacture of earthmoving and construction equipment. 2. Lube oil system schematic. welding technique, 4.) Drowning is one of the most critical factors when we discuss the dangers of underwater welding. Hose connections must be kept free of grease and oil. However, it is still widely used for a variety of applications. 3)You mention "venting" the tank. The outer part of the fitting comes off of the hose with the same type of method. If the tank is large enough to allow entry, cleaning and ventilation along with Gas free services would be you most economical solution. refer to the approximate ID measurement of Schedule 40 or “standard” wall, whereas nominal 14 in. Various methods are used to make sure the welds are of highest quality such as referring best international standards, creating approved welding qualification procedures etc. This pertains to light fuel oil (#1 or #2 diesel). Hydrostatic testing of pressure piping systems in practice. A Spanish version is also available. Therefore, it is critical that welder and other personnel are trained in all aspects of visual inspection. Code of practice for welding on steel pipes containing fluids. pipes. Acetylene and other fuel gas hoses are colored red. 1. One of the biggest problems is the controversial pipeline welding technique used in the 1970s. (£196.80 inc VAT) Mains Multi Compartment Fuel Tank Alarm - Bund/Overfill/High Low Level. If pipe color codes are not used, it can be difficult to know what is within a given pipe, which can present many dangers. The median wage for this role is around USD 58,000 annually. • Do not use a regulator for more than one type of gas. Keep Flammable Materials Far from Welding Areas. Water and electricity are the most dangerous combination and can take lives in seconds. & Wall Thickness, Joint design etc. The pH scale is logarithmic and commonly ranges from 0 to 14. The strong magnetic fields at the ends cause the electric welding arc to sputter, fluctuate, and leap wildly from side to side of the joint, making it difficult to get a good weld. Changes other than those given in 5.4.2 made be made in the 4)Theoretically, if you purge the tank long enough, any fuel residues should vaporize and leave a "non-explosive" atmosphere, even if you have oxygen present. Flushing requires a minimum of Re=4,080. Oxygen or fuel gas from a cylinder may be used only through _____. An explosion killed a contract welder who was repairing a two-compartment oil tanker and injured another worker at the EMC Used Oil facility. Welding is generally suited to joining large assemblies where both metal sections are relatively thick (0.5”/12.7mm) and joined at a single point. I learned that gas welding of oil soaked aluminum is the only way to ensure a leak free weld. Later, we’ll get into how it welds, but for now, here are the top advantages to MIG welding with 100% CO2: Better joint penetration. This is very common at fab shops where welding procedures specifications are only developed to satisfy a customer requirement. I use a torch called a Henrob (AkA Cobra 2000) for gas welding. Fig. A boiler is a closed vessel in which fluid (generally water) is heated. 2) You must run conductors in RMC or threaded steel IMC raceways in Div. In most cases, welding operations should only be performed in areas that have been purposely designed to minimize potential fires. Fill and Product Piping Connections to Domestic Storage Tanks: The fill pipe material shall be 2 in (50 mm) schedule 40 black steel. It is especially the case if you are a pipeline welder in the oil and gas industry. James: Just a quick note, never ever use oxygen under pressure near oil! are going to braze and that they will not generate toxic fumes. Store oxygen cylinders and fuel gas cylinders separately. £83.00 ex VAT. Oil and gas industry welders need reliable protection through the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Reason #2: They are not given a copy at their station. #4) Welding On Unstable Surfaces. Again, ensure that ‘the wire type and diameters’ and ‘the gas and the gas mixture’ are compatible. The fuel fittings are removed from the end of the hose differently. The pressure of acetylene drawn from the generator is quite low, i.e., less than 0.07 bar. Toolbox Talks was originally used as a way to encourage building workers to have regular documented safety meetings. Wes917. Indoors, separate oxygen from fuel gas cylinders by at least 6.1 m (20 ft), or by a wall at least 1.5 m (5 ft) high with a minimum half-hour fire resistance. A common welding repair technique used in refineries is to weld a patch plate or sleeve onto equipment that is still operating and under pressure. Weld-On® Solvent Welding Guide (cartoon version) (2.9Mb) Best Practices for Solvent Welding Thermoplastic Piping (147k) Cold Weather Solvent Welding Tips (697k) Hot Weather Solvent Welding Tips (614k) Weld-On® Solvent Cement Set and Cure Time Table (79k) 2015 Pipe Leak Prevention Flyer (698k) 8.7.3 Inside tanks provided with fill and vent pipes used for No. Never use oil on the thread’s or fittings! Pipe connecting to the pump’s inlet flange must be aligned precisely with it before the bolts are tightened.
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